![maintenance rehearsal maintenance rehearsal](https://study.com/academy/practice/quiz-worksheet-elaborative-rehearsal.jpg)
Other compelling evidence to support this distinction between STM and LTM is the case of KF (Shallice & Warrington, 1977) who had been in a motorcycle crash where he had sustained brain damage. Words early on in the list were put into long term memory (primacy effect) because the person has time to rehearse the word, and words from the end went into short term memory (recency effect). This supports the existence of separate LTM and STM stores because they observed a primacy and recency effect. Glanzer and Cunitz showed that when participants are presented with a list of words, they tend to remember the first few and last few words and are more likely to forget those in the middle of the list, i.e. It is a deeper level of information-processing. You could learn the lines in a play by relating the dialogue and behavior of your character to similar personal experiences you remember.Įlaborative rehearsal is more effective than maintenance rehearsal for remembering new information as it helps to ensure that information is encoded well. The process of linking new information in a meaningful way with information already stored in long-term memory. If the information is given meaning (elaborative rehearsal) it is passed on to the LTM. Information can be recalled from LTM back into the STM when it is needed. The LTM has unlimited capacity and duration and encodes information semantically. Encoding: Mainly Semantic (but can be visual and auditory).If maintenance rehearsal (repetition) does not occur, then information is forgotten, and lost from short term memory through the processes of displacement or decay. This type of rehearsal usually involves repeating information without thinking about its meaning or connecting it to other information.Ĭontinual rehearsal “regenerates” or “renews” the information in the memory trace, thus making it a stronger memory when transferred to the Long Term store.
![maintenance rehearsal maintenance rehearsal](http://image.slidesharecdn.com/ch9ppt-100422074156-phpapp02/95/ch9-ppt-31-728.jpg)
![maintenance rehearsal maintenance rehearsal](http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-KTdshAngYoM/Umbk7mO3AMI/AAAAAAAAAFk/8SS3oMGGwFo/s1600/msm.jpg)
An example of maintenance rehearsal would be remembering a phone number only long enough to make the phone call. Maintenance rehearsal is the process of verbally or mentally repeating information, which allows the duration of short-term memory to be extended beyond 30 seconds. Information is lost through displacement or decay. The STM store has a duration of up to 30 seconds, has a capacity of 7+/-2 chunks and mainly encodes information acoustically. The sensory memory store has a large capacity but a very brief duration, it can encode information from any of the senses and most of the information is lost through decay.Īttention is the first step in remembering something, if a person’s attention is focused on one of the sensory stores then the data is transferred In the sensory memory store, information arrives from the 5 senses such as sight (v isual information), sounds and touch. The sensory stores are constantly receiving information but most of this receives no attention and remains in the sensory register for a very There are three main ways in which information can be encoded (changed):Ĭapacity concerns how much information can be stored.ĭuration refers to the period of time information can last in the memory stores. They proposed that memory consisted of three stores: a sensory register, short-term memory (STM) and long-term memory (LTM).Įach store is a unitary structure and has its own characteristics in terms of encoding, capacity and duration.Įncoding is the way information is changed so that it can be stored in the memory. The multi-store model of memory (also known as the modal model) was proposed by Richard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin (1968) and is a structural model. If attended to this information enters the STM and if the information is given meaning (elaborative rehearsal) it is passed on to the LTM Information is detected by the sense organs and enters the sensory memory, which stores a fleeting impression of sensory stimuli.Information passes from store to store in a linear way, and has been described as an information processing model (like a computer) with an input, process and output.Each of the memory stores differs in the way information is processed (encoding), how much information can be stored (capacity), and for how long (duration).The three main stores are the sensory memory, short-term memory (STM) and long-term memory (LTM).
![maintenance rehearsal maintenance rehearsal](https://sites.google.com/site/psychologyapp/_/rsrc/1324999270782/cognitive-psychology/the-multi-store-model/MSM.png)